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Kurdish Alphabets

Friday August 01, 2003 07:04:07 PM -0400

Welcome To My Site

Want to learn how to read and write in Cyrillic (Latini)?

Visit www.namonet.com For Kurdish and English Dictrionary

www.namonet.com

Kurdish Language

        Language belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European family, closely related to Farsi

(Persian). It is spoken by the Kurds, a geographically divided ethnic group. Its numerous dialects fall into two

main groups northern Kurmanji (Bahdeni) and southern Kurmanji (Sorani). Around 60 of Kurds speak one of

the northern Kurmanji dialects. Related languages include Zaza and Gurani. Three different alphabets are used

Arabic, Latin, and Cyrillic. Kurdish is the second official language in Iraq and the official language of the Kurdish

autonomous region in the north of the country. Use of Kurdish is suppressed in Syria and Turkey, but is tolerated

in Iran.

Pît / Letter

Nimune / Example

a  A

 Azad, Cwan, Niga

b  B

 Baran, Serban,

c  C

 Cihan, Pencere, Bac

ç  Ç

 Çaw, Qaçaxçî, Piriç

d  D

 Dost, Dara, Dêwane, Meydan, Kurd

e  E

 Eme, Estêre, xem, Shew, Îêware

ê  Ê

 Êware, herêm, Bêgane, Ladê, Dwênê

f  F

 Ferhad, Fêrge, Fishar

g  G

 Goran, Germiyan, Rêga, Merig

h  H

 Hewlêr, Herêm, Hewraman,  Behê

i  I

 Min, Jin, Kurdistan, Giyan, Jiyan

î  Î

 Îmrro, Îslam, Shîr, Jîn, Kanî, Mewlewî

j  J

 Jin, Jîn, Jimare, Rojiname, Roj, Twêj

k  K

 Kurd, Kawe, Kurr, Bêkar, Kerkuk

l  L

 Lome, Lawan, Dîlan, Mel, Shel

m  M

 Mam, Mirov, Asiman. Mom

n  N

 Naz, Name, Newa, Nishtiman

o  O

 Cor, Zor, Bor, Do, Bo, Govar

p  P

 Peyman, Peyam, Pêshrew, Dillop

q  Q

 Qawe, Qurbanî, Qamish

r  R

 Rastî, Rehend, Ramiyarî, Rubar

s  S

 Suênd, Sûk, Asan, Supas

t  T

 Twana, Tîrok, Tenya

u  U

 Ustraliya, Urdûga

û  Û

 Dû, Biçûk, Sûr

v  V

 Viyan, Van, Evîn,

x  X

 Xêzan, Xew, Rûxan , Qaçax, Mox

y  Y

 Yad, Yar, Seiyran

w  W

 Welat, Wiriya, Cwan, Rêbwar, Dwênê

z  Z

 Zana, Zoran, Zozik, Mirza, Karêz

sh  Sh

 Shorish, Nishtiman, Resh, Serposh

gh  Gh *

 Ghurbet, Gurbet, Soragh

h'   H' *

 H'urmet, Merh'eba, Gunah'

'e,'a  'A,'E *

 'Ereb,'Amûd, Fir'eun, Qani'e, Qûr'an

  

Kurdish Pronunciation

    The vowels [i] and [i:], [e] and [e:], and [u] and [u:] are considered to be short and long pairs, and this is

indicated in the spelling systems: in the roman systems, the long vowels are usually spelled with a ^ over them.

In the Arabic script, the long vowels are represented by symbols, and the short vowels not represented at all.

[b] as in boy

[ch] as in choose

[d] as in day

[f] as in fine

[g] as in go

[h] as in how

[i] close to the vowel in bit ([i:] close to the vowel in beet)

[e] close to the vowel in bet, in some dialects closer to bat ([e:] close to the vowel in bait)

[a] close to the vowel in box

[u] close to the vowel in put ([u:] close to the vowel in boot)

[o] close to the vowel in boat

[j] as in juice

[l] as in loose

[m] as in mice

[n] as in nice

[p] as in put

[t] as in toy

[v] as in voice

[w] as in want

[x]: like German ach

[gh]: like [x] only pronounced with the vocal cords vibrating

[r]: like the Spanish or Italian [r]

[q]: a k pronounced very far back in the mouth

[y] as in yes

[z] as in zoo

[zh] as in pleasure

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